| Every amino acid has an amino group ( -NH2 : blue, with 2 whites) and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH : grey, with 2 reds and a white). Each one also has a unique R group - 6 or 7 categories. |
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valine - val |
leucine - leu |
isoleucine - ile |
ALIPHATIC These R groups are simple (linear) groups of carbon and hydrogen atoms |
| HYDROXY These R groups have an extra -OH group (red and white) |
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BASIC These R groups contain extra N atoms which contribute basic (alkaline) characteristics |
| AROMATIC These R groups have rings based on benzene |
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SULPHUR- CONTAINING These R groups contain sulphur! |
| DICARBOXYLIC & AMIDES These R groups contain -COOH or - CONH2 groups |
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IMINO The >NH group (blue dot in the ring) makes this an imino acid, not an amino acid (not a property of the R group) |